Avifauna

Indonesia has the fourth highest diversity of bird species in the world, after Columbia, Peru and Brazil. Based on 2004 UNEPWCMC (World Conservation Monitoring Center of the United Nations Environment Program) data, 1.604 species of birds are found in Indonesia (Mongabay.com, 2015). Based on quantitative assessments of the IUCN redlist the status of birds which facing threats continues to increase, especially in tropical forest areas. The richness of bird species in tropical forest attract poachers and increase illegal exploitation. Birds can be considered as a key species and have a vital ecological function in tropical forest, which include the role as pollinators, seed dispersers and predators (Stiles, 1983). Disturbance of primary tropical forests is heavily influencing the composition of bird species. Even some studies on the composition of bird species in East Kalimantan stated that many species (around 70%) were only represented by one individual during the study period (Boer, 1994). Therefore, if a disturbance occurs, then the chance of a local extinction of a species will also be very high. Based on observations made on the Badak LNG conservation forest area, 135 species of birds from 48 families and 16 orders were identified.

Avifauna Population Trend

Figure below is the trend of avifauna in Badak LNG's conservation forest:

Click to enlarge — Avifauna Population Monitoring Results

Avifauna Species Documentation

A diverse range of bird species has been documented through systematic field observations within Badak LNG's Conservation Forest. The following images show recorded species from various orders including raptors, passerines, and waterbirds.

Complete Species List

The following image presents the complete list of avifauna species recorded in Badak LNG's Conservation Forest.

Click to enlarge the species table